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Multidimensional Analysis of Security Concerns over Immigration: the Case of the United Kingdom
Cherkas, Alina ; Střítecký, Vít (advisor) ; Fitzgerald, James (referee) ; Kay, Rebecca (referee)
2 Abstract Building upon the Paris school of securitisation, this dissertation investigates the relationship between securitised migration and the perception of the European Union in the United Kingdom. Being among the first quantitative studies in the field of security, the work applies various data visualisation techniques and standard quantitative methods to study the phenomenon of migration securitisation in the UK between 2004 and 2018 based on the European Social Survey Data. Extensive exploratory analysis uncovers the existence of a distinct group of people in the UK who perceive both the EU and migration as threats. The analysis also finds stark regional and temporal differences that suggest a certain degree of securitisation of the migration issue in the run-up of the Brexit referendum, which disappears shortly after. Regression analysis using a fixed-effect model provides a reliable estimate of a strong and substantial effect of securitised migration on the perception of the EU. Keywords: Brexit, migration, securitisation, United Kingdom, visualisation, regression analysis.
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Securitisation of Bangladeshi Migrants to Assam: An Analysis of India's Parliamentary Discussions
Jubaer, Md Sabbir Ahmed ; Schlotti, Jivanta (advisor) ; Aliyev, Huseyn (referee) ; Karásek, Tomáš (referee)
Among the three major political bodies in Assam, the Assamese relied on the strong support of the Bengali Muslims in their struggle over control of Assam's politics, economy, and language after 1947. This alliance was broken in the 1970s and today Bengali Muslims, who originated from present day Bangladesh, are viewed as security threats who need to be addressed through extraordinary measures. Is calling Bangladeshi migrants security threats a culmination of a securitisation process? How did the process of securitisation take shape? Who were the actors and audience? Who needed protection? Using the sociological approach to securitisation as its theoretical framework, this study analyses the mechanism of securitising Bangladeshi migration to Assam starting between the 1970s and the 2010s. Employing the method of discourse analysis, the study analyses the relevant parliamentary debates during the time frame of 1971 to 2020, in India's Lok Sabha (Lower House of India's bicameral Parliament). The project categorises the debates into different decades to grasp how the portrayal of Bangladeshis changed over time and what the different key-words used, reveal about the process. The study finds out that the Bangladeshi migrants went through a securitisation process that ended up in legitimising...
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Threat Assessments and Intelligence Sharing: Toward Desecuritisation of School Shootings in the United States
Roth, Caitlyn Regan ; Anceschi, Luca (advisor) ; Hynek, Nikola (referee) ; Dowd, Caitriona (referee)
'The first step in developing effective assessment approaches and appropriate policy is to identify clearly the types of behavior or outcomes that one is trying to prevent' (Chavez, 1999; Furlong & Morrison, 2000 quoted in Reddy et al, 2001, 158-59). This dissertation answers the question of why a skewed perception of risk exists for the threat of school shootings in the United States. It further seeks to propose the creation of an intelligence database to inform threat assessment teams in schools to increase knowledge of threat communications and behaviours of potential shooters. This assessment is significant to understanding how the skewed assessment of risk negatively impacts the implementation of prevention policies, resulting in a failure to prevent school shootings and lasting detrimental consequences on the learning environment. By applying the Copenhagen School's securitisation theory to US policy responses, discursive language will be analyzed to support the claim that school shootings are perceived as an existential threat to the United States, marking a successful securitisation. A within case analysis of unfavorable policies will inform the selection of a policy recognized in the research as a positive step toward achieving desecuritisation. The policy, behavioural threat assessment,...
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Discoursive analysis of Czech government communication about COVID-19 in 2020
Rys, Filip ; Hanzal, Jaromír (advisor) ; Křeček, Jan (referee)
Many people criticised the communication of the Czech Government during a pandemic in 2020. This thesis analyses government communication and its interpretation in agenda-setting, securitisation and narrativisation. The thesis also contains an analysis of politicians' interviews in media. The diploma thesis consists of a discursive analysis of the government's press conferences in 2020. On the results of the analysis were conducted, discoursive models. Models are used to define how the government communicated the problem of covid-19. The thesis continues with the analysis of agenda-setting, in which it was clear that the government successfully set its agenda in media. On results of the agenda-setting analysis was conducted securitisation analysis. The analysis shows at least one significant correlation between the government's specific securitisation speech act and how people perceived pandemic threats. The study of politicians' interviews in media showed that politicians hold a consistent communication style even if they were not at official press conferences. Connecting line of government's communication was to minimalise every doubt using a phrase that they did maximum. In every circumstance, they tried to present to the public, that was done everything possible.
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Viktor Orban's National Hungarian Identity Construct - Securitization of 2015-2016 European Migrant Crisis as Existential Threat
Stein, Kenneth Cavanagh ; Střítecký, Vít (advisor) ; Hynek, Nikola (referee)
Charles University in Prague Faculty of Social Sciences Institute of Political Studies Bc. Kenneth C. Stein Viktor Orbán's National Hungarian Identity Construct: Securitization of the 2015/2016 European Migrant Crisis as Existential Threat? Diplomová Práce Praha 2017 Autor práce: Bc. Kenneth C. Stein Vedoucí práce: PhDr. Vít Střitecký M. Phil., PhD. Oponent práce: Datum obhajoby: 2017 Hodnocení: Abstract: The current paper examines Hungarian Prime Minister Viktor Orbán's speech acts based on the preface that his language communicates political will, power, and serves as an outline for potential future political avenues. Orbán has been one of the most outspoken critics of the European Union's failure to adequately address the ongoing migrant crisis, as well as Europe's immigration issues. The aim of the thesis is to examine the language tools utilized by Orbán according to securitization theory. Utilizing elements of Wodak's Critical Discourse Analysis in combination with Tajfel and Turner's Social Identity Theory, the thesis provides analysis of the texts through the lens of Orbán's creation of a national Hungarian social identity construct as referent object being securitized against the migrant threat. Moreover, the thesis provides an overall analysis of Orbán's brand of Hungarian social identity...
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5G Security - A Case Study on the Securitisation of Sweden's 5G Networks
Ekfeldt, Therese ; Erkomashvili, David (advisor) ; Špelda, Petr (referee)
Over the last couple of years, the world has witnessed an intensifying competition over 5G networks, triggered to a large extent but not exclusively by the geopolitical rivalry between the United States and China. To the backdrop of allegations that the Chinese government could force Chinese telecom company Huawei and ZTE to spy, sabotage or take other action's on Beijing's behalf, Washington ordered prompt restrictions on products from Huawei and pressured its allies to do the same. From a European perspective, Sweden stood out early as a country with a strong stance on 5G security by outright banning Chinese telecom providers Huawei and ZTE from taking part in Sweden's 5G frequency auction. This thesis seeks to understand how the securitising process of Sweden's 5G networks was initiated and evolved, through a comparative case study of the four main securitising actors' official discourses. Derived from previous studies on cybersecurity and securitisation, this thesis constructed an analytical framework tailored for the securitisation of 5G networks. The thesis is carried out as an idea analysis, looking for articulated threats pertaining to three distinct threat dimensions: 'network security', 'data and information protection' and 'China's assertiveness'. The analysis showed that all four...
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Securitising biology: Biological threats and state preparedness in the wake of a pandemic
Artico, Chiara ; Karásek, Tomáš (advisor) ; Butler, Eamonn (referee)
64053643 SECURITISING BIOLOGY: BIOLOGICAL THREATS AND STATE PREPAREDNESS IN THE WAKE OF A PANDEMIC ABSTRACT The management of infectious diseases in the realm of public health has shown increasingly overlapping areas with biological warfare preparedness. While the acknowledgement of these common elements is not only frequent but also codified in an international treaty and subject to distinct regulations, research into how these two fields connect is scarce. Potential deliberate use of biological weapons typically leads to intense political mobilisation and ensuing dedication of financial resources. Contrarily, the management of health crises over the last decades has been severely flawed, and no country in the world is considered fully prepared to a pandemic, according to the Global Health Security Index. The current COVID-19 pandemic has recently been further proof of the inadequacy of state-level prevention and preparedness capabilities. This dissertation aims at bridging the existing conceptual gap and policy divide between biological warfare and infectious disease preparedness, and to analyse elements that can be mutually applicable and potentially beneficial. It will do so by establishing analytical equivalence between the securitisation of an artificial biothreat and a nature-borne infectious disease...
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Securitizing the viral "infodemic": EU's reception of Chinese and Russian disinformation during the COVID-19 pandemic
Chumenko, Viktoriia ; Hardman, Helen (advisor) ; Ludvík, Jan (referee)
Abstract. The outbreak of the novel coronavirus put democratic process, and security architecture across the globe in jeopardy. The global health crisis galvanised the proliferation of pandemic-related disinformation and other malign influence operations, and this phenomenon gave birth to a new buzzword, known as "infodemic". The "infodemic" provided hostile countries with a possibility to launch disinformation campaigns and other malign communication efforts, which in most cases were attributed to external state actors, such as China and Russia. Both actors aimed to weaken the legitimacy of European institutions, and undermine its democratic process. The "infodemic", thus, posed a threat to the EU's security and became a watershed moment in the disinformation discourse for the EU. In the aftermath, this mounting threat of disinformation was instantly acknowledged by EU representatives and institutions in their numerous official statements and policy documents. This dissertation examines the EU's approach towards Chinese and Russian disinformation campaigns through the lenses of securitisation theory and evaluates the success of this process. The findings of the evaluation showcased that neither Russian nor Chinese disinformation was successfully securitised by the EU. It also argues that the EU has...
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Legal and Economic Aspects of Securitisation
Urbancová, Barbora
186 13 ABSTRACT Theme of this dissertation is "Legal and economic aspects of securisiation". The main goal of the dissertation is to perform a comprehensive legal analysis of the issues relating to transactions, which can be termed securitisations, regarding also related economic aspects, while focusing especially on the analysis of special public law regulation of certain aspects related to securitisation under Czech law. The dissertation contains nine chapters. The first chapter specifies the theme of the work, its content, structure, main sources, goals and methods applied. The second chapter provides the basis for the subsequent legal analyses elaborated within the following chapters, as it deals with the general meaning and purpose of securisitation, its definition under applicable law, a standard structure of securitisation transaction and most common products of securitisation including evaluation of their character under Czech law. The essential issue rests with the interpretation of the general definition of the term securitisation in a way it is accepted in financial sector, it means as a tool of structured finance that covers all possible variations of secturisation transactions, as well as the interpretation of the definition of the term securitisation with respect to special public law...
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Securitisation process of cyber security in the EU
Jiskra, Denis ; Střítecký, Vít (advisor) ; Plechanovová, Běla (referee)
21. 5. 2020 Abstract Securitisation proces of the cyber security in the EU Denis Jiskra Institute of Political Science Studies, Faculty of Social Sciences, Charles University 2019/2020 The diploma thesis is dealing with the development of the European Union's cyber security policy during the specific time frame since the 1990's until the current time. The thesis is focused on the securitization process, that so, dynamic intersubjective process of threat construction with the aim to find out, to what extent securitization formed the cyber security policy of the European Union. The subject of the thesis is also an analysis of the cyber security narrative topics with the aim to determine which topic leads and if there are changes between them during the research period. In this respect, the model of cyber security discourse variations inspired by the Copenhagen school will be used. In the current thesis will be also introduced the development of cyber threats, its historical contextualization, as well as their gradual globalization.
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